This book examines the increasing visibility of literary activities as a part of other cultural activities between 1960 and 1980. During these two decades, literary activities, literary production, and the literary world in general played an increasingly influential role in large parts of Turkish society. This may be also seen as a shaping, a reconstruction, or an expansion of a more effective literary world, literary public, and literary market containing many different trends and currents. This work also assesses the intricate relations between literary culture and politics. To put it in other words, the hypothesis is that a better understanding of the intellectual and political atmosphere of Turkey in the 1960s and in the early 1970s can be achieved through an examination of cultural--and, in our case, literary--life, and the way that the various literary currents reflected, sustained and gave voice to the prevalent intellectual and political tendencies of the period. It will be emphasized that the political identity that was adopted by the literary actors was one by and large critical of the existing political and social system. In this work the intellectual climate is thus examined via literature. It will be argued that, along with academics and journalists, the men of letters, or "literary actors," played through their roles as public intellectuals, an important part in the Turkish social life between 1960 and 1980.
Künye
Kitabın Adı: |
Literary Production, Currents and Politics in Turkey (1960-1980)) |
Hazırlayan: |
|
Baskı tarihi |
2014 |
Dizi Adı: |
Tarih: 75 |
Baskı Adedi: |
100 |
Sayfa: |
410 |
Ebat: |
13.5 x 21 cm |
Kağıt: |
Enso 60 gr |
Kapak: |
Lom Tasarım Ofisi |
Cilt/Kapak: |
300 gr. Mat, Amerikan, 4 renk |
ISBN/Barkod: |
978-605-4326-88-4 |
Introduction
Abbreviations
Acknowledgements
Preface
Chapter One - Introduction
- The Main Theories of Literature and the Identification of Writers and Artists as Intellectuals
- Literature As an Insitution and Its Role in Human Communication
- The Historical Evolution of Modern Literature
- Different Literary Theories to Identify Literature's Role and Functions
- History, the Historian and Literature
- The Sociology of Literature
- Marxism and Literature
- What Are the Distinctive Measures of Artists and Writers?
- Who is an Intellectual?
- The Formation of the Intellectual
- Two Types of Intellectual
- Intellectuals, Artists, and Politics: Their Role in the Public Sphere
- The Formation of a Public Sphere in Turkey
- New Public Life and Artists
- The End of the "Era of the Intellectuals"
Chapter Two - The International Context
- Leftist Politics and the University Students' Movement of 1968
- Counter-Culture Movements
- The International Mobility of Authors and Cold War Competition
- Turkey's International Relations
Chapter Three - Turkey in The 1960s and 1970s
- Economic Developments (Import Substitution Industrialization, 1960-1980)
- The Ideological Framework and its Social Dimensions
- Nationalism or the Solidarity of the Oppressed Nations
- The Foundation of the Leftist Politics and Ideas in Turkey
- Yön (Direction) Magazine and the Association of Socialist Culture
- The Turkish Labor Party (Türkiye İşçi Partisi)
- The RPP's Left of Center Discourse
- The Significance of 1968 in Turkey
- The Development of a Societal Culture in Turkey
- Education and Its Transformation: Students as Future Intellectuals - Literature as a Relevant Path to New Identities
- Popular Culture, New Life-Styles, and Artistic Production
- Artistic Fields: Theater, Cinema, Visual Arts, and Music
Theater
- The Visual Arts and Music Production
- The Transformation and Reconstruction of the Turkish Language during the 1960s and 1970s
Chapter Four - Literary Production and Its Impulses Before and During The 1960s and 1970s
- The Intellectual and Literary History in Turkey before the 1960s: The Significance of Literature in the Formation of Intellectual Culture The Increasing Visibility of Literature in the 1960s and 1970s
- The Development of Cultural Associations and Publishing Houses, and the Increasing Quantity of Literary Works
- Literature and the Social Sciences
- Literature and Public Intellectuals
- Literary Production During the 1960s and 1970s: Poems; Novels & Short Stories, Essays & Literary Critiques
- Poetry
- The Novel and the Short Story
- Translations of Foreign Literature
- Critiques and Essays
- The Development of Literary Reviews
Chapter Five - Literature and Politics
- The Complex Relationship between Authors, Social Circumstances, and Politics in the Period 1960-1980
- The Evolution of Relations between Artists and Politics
- The Main Literary Trends and Circles of the 1960s and 1970s
- Leftist Kemalists Writers, Traditional Intelectuals, and Followers of the First Founding Generation of Intellectuals
- Marxist-Affiliated Intellectuals, Social Realists
- Sui Generis (Unique) Intellectuals: Kemal Tahir, Attilâ İlhan, Oğuz Atay
Oğuz Atay
Attilâ İlhan
Kemal Tahir
- The Class Origins of these Unique Authors
- Modernist and Avant-Garde Intellectuals
- The Modernist Novel and the Short Story Sevgi Soysal, Adalet Ağaoğlu, Tomris Uyar: Feminist-Modernist Sensibility
- The Short Story Writers of 1950
- Modernist Poetry- İkinci Yeni, or The "Second New"
- Nationalist-Conservative Intellectuals (Culturalists)
Chapter Six - A Sociological Debate
- A Conceptualization of Intellectual, Literary and Theoretical Debates in the Literary Reviews, and an Analysis of Some Novels
- The Main Topics and Tensions within the Literary Production The Elitism-Populism Debate as an Attempt to Change or Respect the People's Culture Through Its Different Representations
- The Reactions of the Four Main Categories of Writers
- The Limits of High Culture
- Dualities in the Evolution of the Turkish Literature
- The Duality of East and West, and Universalism and Nativism in the Context of the 1960s
- The Problems of Underdevelopment in a Modern Country
- Social Realism and Individualism
- Different Social Classes, Inequalities and Their Representations
- Urban Classes
- The Peasantry
- Historical Debates, and Challenges to the Official History of Turkey
- The Relation of Artists with Social and Political Movements: Oppressions and Melancholy
Conclusion
Bibliography
Index