From its construction as “storehouse” of antiquities to a “despotic empire” with its “oriental features”, western perceptions of Byzantium and its cultural and architectural legacy have undergone significant transformations over the course of centuries. Depending on the political and cultural contexts, the place of Byzantium in European history posed a unique challenge leading to selective appropriation of its legacy in different historical periods. It was simultaneously defined as part of the European past, and also as “the other.” While its Greco-Roman tradition was selectively appropriated, its “oriental” features made it different. This book focuses on the perceptions and historiography of Byzantium during the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, highlighting late Ottoman Turkey. It examines the ways in which the cultural and architectural heritage of Byzantium was represented and described in historical writings within the context of the intricate relationships between nationalism, orientalism, and historiography. The investigation is based on a close reading of the historical writings of individuals who were influential in the production and dissemination of knowledge regarding the Byzantine heritage during the period under scrutiny. The study of these earlier writings with a special emphasis on their ideological and historiographical legacies, and the origins of continued negative perceptions and images of Byzantium will contribute to Byzantine studies in Turkey. It will also contribute to the more general growing body of literature on the relationships between nationalism and nation-state building, orientalism, and historiography, by providing a case study of Turkey.
Künye
Kitabın Adı: |
Byzantium Between «East» and «West»: Perceptions and Architectural Historiography of the Byzantine Heritage |
Yazan: |
Şule Kılıç Yıldız |
Dizi Adı: |
History: 434 |
Yayın Yılı: |
2021 |
Sayfa: |
324 |
Ebat: |
15,8 x 23,5 cm. |
Kağıt: |
Enzo 70 gr. |
Kapak: |
Cevdet Mehmet Kösemen |
Cilt/Kapak: |
250 gr. Mat, Amerikan Bristol, 4 renk |
ISBN/Barkod: |
978-625-8472-05-9 |
İÇİNDEKİLER
LIST OF FIGURES
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
INTRODUCTION
The Scope, Context and Method of the Study
Byzantium and the Byzantine Empire: Geographical, Chronological and Disciplinary Boundaries
Literature Review
Overview of the Chapters
CHAPTER 1
EARLY ENCOUNTERS WITH BYZANTIUM: CHANGING PERCEPTIONS OF BYZANTIUM IN EUROPE AND THE OTTOMAN EMPIRE (PRE- 19TH CENTURY)
European Encounters with Byzantium: In Search of Antiquities
“Decline” and “Corruption”: 18th Century Responses to Byzantium
Ottoman Encounters and the Appropriation of Byzantium
Constantinople and the Making of a New Empire
Hagia Sophia as an Iconic Monument and Enduring Myth
Ottoman Approaches toward Byzantium in the 17th Century
The Revival of Interest in Byzantine Culture in the 18th Century
CHAPTER 2
BETWEEN “EAST” AND “WEST”: BYZANTIUM AND THE WEST IN THE 19TH CENTURY
Rediscovery of Byzantium
Designation of Byzantine Architecture
Byzantium within the Architectural History Survey Books
Periodizing History of Architecture: Where to Put Byzantine Architecture?
Methodological Issues: How to Study Byzantine Architecture?
Defining Byzantine Architecture
“Eastern, Slavonic and Orthodox”
Domes, Vaults and Cupolas: “Small, Stagnant, and Dull”
CHAPTER 3
MODERNITY, NATIONALISM, AND HISTORICAL IMAGINATION: 19TH CENTURY TRANSFORMATIONS AND “REDISCOVERY” OF BYZANTIUM IN THE WIDER OTTOMAN WORLD
Nineteenth Century Ottoman Historical Context
Byzantium and Byzantine History in Late Ottoman History Writing
“A Historical Setting for Ottoman History”
“A Tool for Comparison and Legitimization”
“Byzantine Legacy as a Part of Ottoman Identity”
“Byzantium and Byzantine History” in the Wider Ottoman Context: The Balkans
Byzantine Heritage as “Intermediary”: Bridging the Gap between Ancient History and Modern Nation State in Greece
“Controversy and Coming to Terms with the Byzantine Legacy”
CHAPTER 4
“THE FORMER SHAPE OF CONSTANTINOPLE”: BYZANTIUM, CONSTANTINOPLE, İSTANBUL AND WRITING BYZANTINE ARCHITECTURAL HISTORY (1860-1920)
Defining the Byzantine Cultural Heritage of the Empire
Writing on the Topography and Monuments of Constantinople/İstanbul
“Heyet-i Sabıka-ı Konstantiniyye” (1860)
Le Bosphore et Constantinople (1873): Ottoman Patronage of the Book on Byzantine Constantinople
Reconstructing Byzantine Constantinople: Three Authors
“Framing Byzantine Constantinople”
Searching for the “Âsâr-ı Atîka” of the City
“Visualization of the History, Representation of the City”
CHAPTER 5
FROM EMPIRE TO NATION STATE: THE “FALL” OF BYZANTIUM
Nationalism, Orientalism, and History Writing: Transformation of Discourse
Turkish Nationalist History Writing and the Place of the Byzantine Heritage
Other Nationalisms and the Byzantine Heritage
Orientalist Discourse and the Byzantine Heritage
Republican Legacy and the “Burden” of the Byzantine Heritage
The Impact of Celal Esad and Fuad Köprülü
The Impact of Ahmed Refik and Mehmed Ziya
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
INDEX
